Mahalingaswamy Temple at Thiruvidaimarudhur near Kumbakonam is one of the three
Shiva temples having Marudha tree as its sthala
vruksham. Thiruvidaimarudhur is 8 kms from Kumbakonam on Kumbakonam
Mayiladuthurai Road.The other two are Sri Sailam (Andhra) and
Thiruppudaimarudur, Ambasamudram. As this is located between the two it is
known as Thiruvidaimarudhur (Thiru + Idai + marudhur); thiru, Idai and Marudhur
meaning Sacred, middle and place where Marudha tree is the sthala vruksham. The
presiding deity in this temple is Mahalingeswarar. His consort is
Brihathsundarakujambigai or Nanmulainayaki. Some consider this temple
equivalent to Kasi. The pooja is first performed to Mahalingaswamy in this
temple and only then to Vinayakar. This is a huge temple with three praharams
(circumambulatory paths). They are ashvamedha praharam, kodumudi praharam and
pranava praharam. Ashvamedha praharam is the outermost praharam and
circumambulation of this Praharam equals the benefit of performing an
Ashvamedha Yagnam. Benefits include; relief from illness caused due to seivinai
(evil spirits). Kodumudi Praharam is the middle one, and circumambulation of
this Praharam is equivalent to circumambulation of Mount Kailash which is the
primary abode of Lord Shiva. The innermost praharam is the Pranava Praharam or
Omkara Praharam. Circumambulation of this Praharam will result in Moksham
(liberation from all sufferings and pain).
Mahalingeswarar here is the main deity of the Parivara
sthalams. Parivara Sthalams are a group of temples which together form a much
larger temple. The Presiding deity of such a huge temple is Mahalingeswarar at
Thiruvidamarudhur. The Group of temples which form this large temple is as
follows:
- Mahalingeswarar
at Thiruvidaimarudhur
- Vinayakar
at Thiruvalanchuzhi
- Murugan
at Swamimalai
- Ambal
at Thirukkadaiyur
- Dakshinamurthy
at Alangudi
- Navagraha
Sannidhi at Suryanar Koil
- Saneeswaran
at Thirunallar
- Durgai
at Patteeswaram
- Chandikeswarar
at Sengalur
- Bhairavar
at Sirkali
- Natarajar
at Chidambaram
- Somaskandar
at Tiruvarur
- Nandikeswarar
at Tiruvavaduturai
There are four other main Lingams viz Viswanathar,
Rishipureeswarar, Aatmanathar and Chokkanathar around the Presiding Deity.
Since there are five Lingams, this place is a Panchalinga sthalam. Apart from
these five Lingams there are also Lingams dedicated to each of the 27
nakshatrams (Birth Stars). All these 27 birth stars installed a Lingam each and
worshipped Lord Shiva here. This is the temple for performing parihara pooja
(remedial pooja) for the malefic effects of the Birth stars.
This temple is closely connected to the life of a Pandya King by name Varaguna
Pandyan. Once when Varaguna Pandyan was returning from a hunting expedition,
his horse accidentally trampled upon and killed a Brahmin. Since he was the
cause of the death of a Brahmin he was afflicted with Brahmahatti Dosham (Sin
due to murder of Brahmin). As a result, he was constantly haunted by the
Brahmin’s ghost. The King prayed to Somasundarar at Madurai seeking relief from
this sin. Lord Somasundarar appeared in the King’s dream and directed him to
pray Him at Thiruvidaimarudhur for relief. Thiruvidaimarudhur was under Chola
rule and they were bitter enemies of the Pandyas. There was a war between the
two in which the Cholas were defeated. The King then visited the temple at
Thiruvidaimarudhur as per the Divine guidance and prayed to Lord
Mahalingeswarar. He entered the temple through the Eastern entrance and the
Brahmahatti and the ghost could not enter the temple and waited outside the
temple for the King to return. As advised by Mahalingaswamy, the King left by
the Western Gopuram (Tower) and hence got rid of the Brahmatti dosham and the
Brahmin’s ghost. Even today, devotees use different gopurams to enter and exit
the temple premises.
The Shiva Lingam here is a swayambhu (self manifested)
Lingam. In the process of teaching and demonstrating the Worship procedures to
the Seven Great Sages, Lord Shiva is believed to have worshipped himself here.
Lord Shiva blessed Markandeyan by appearing before him in the form of
Ardhanareeswarar. There is a shrine for Mookambiga in this temple which is to
the south of the Goddess’ shrine. Apart from Thiruvidaimarudhur the only other
place in India to have a shrine for Mookambiga is Kollur in Karnataka.